A Citadel Under Siege: The 1777 Battle
Fort Mifflin's most famous chapter unfolded during the autumn of 1777. Following their defeat at the Battle of Brandywine and the loss of Philadelphia to the British, George Washington's Continental Army desperately needed to prevent the British Navy from resupplying their troops in the captured capital. Fort Mifflin, along with its counterpart Fort Mercer across the Delaware River in New Jersey, stood as the primary obstacle.
For nearly six weeks, from October to November 1777, the small American garrison at Fort Mifflin endured an relentless bombardment from British warships and land batteries. Outnumbered and outgunned, the defenders faced a barrage of cannon fire that reduced the once-sturdy fort to rubble. Despite unimaginable conditions, with limited supplies and rampant disease, the American soldiers held their ground with incredible bravery. Their tenacity inflicted heavy casualties on the British and, critically, delayed the resupply of Philadelphia, buying precious time for Washington's army to regroup at Valley Forge. Though eventually forced to evacuate the ruined fort, their sacrifice was not in vain.
Exploring Fort Mifflin Today
Today, Fort Mifflin stands as a remarkably preserved testament to this defining moment. As you step through its historic gates, you're transported to a bygone era, with the sounds of modern Philadelphia fading into the background.
Key features and experiences include:
- The Stone Fort: Wander through the sturdy stone walls, explore the casemates, and climb to the ramparts. Imagine the soldiers defending their positions against overwhelming odds. The damage from the 1777 bombardment is still visible in places, a stark reminder of the ferocity of the battle.
- Original Buildings: Several original structures survive, including the barracks, powder magazine, and the hospital. These buildings offer insights into the daily lives of the soldiers and the logistical challenges of maintaining a military outpost in the 18th century.
- Interpretive Displays: Throughout the fort, exhibits and interpretive signs tell the stories of the men and women who lived, fought, and died there. Learn about figures like Colonel Samuel Smith, who commanded the fort during the siege, and the diverse individuals who made up the garrison.
- Living History Events: Fort Mifflin regularly hosts living history demonstrations, reenactments, and guided tours led by passionate interpreters in period attire. These events bring the fort's history to life, offering a dynamic and engaging educational experience.
- Stunning Views: From the fort's elevated position, you can enjoy panoramic views of the Delaware River, the Philadelphia skyline, and the very waters where British warships once anchored.
